For a functional motor, two parts are needed: a current carrying wire and a magnet. To make our motor, we used a battery, copper wire, paper clips, a magnet, and rubber bands. Below is a diagram of the motor.
The battery in the motor supplies the voltage that supplies the current. The current is carried up the motor through the paperclips, that both conduct the current and support the copper wire. The wire conducts the current, and is shaped into a loop so it can be spun. The current is also carried back down the other paper clip, touching the other end of the battery and completing the circuit. The rubber bands tie it all together.
In order for all of this to happen, however, the current had to be carried all the way around and have the force be applied in the correct direction. To ensure this occurred correctly, I had to be careful to scrape the insulator off of the wire in the correct place. I scraped on only one side of the wire, and I did so on each end. This way, the current would be conducted in the proper places.
The motor turns as a result of the force on the moving charges in the copper wire. This force is created by the magnet's magnetic field, or the magnetic effect of a given object. When the copper wire is given current, it's charges begin to move, and are then affected by the magnetic field of the magnet. This causes torque, and the wire loop to spin, and thus, the motor to work.
There are a variety of usages for a motor such as this one. Should wheels be attached, it could become a car. Blades could also be attached, and a blender could be powered, or fan blades to cool off on a warm day.
Below is a video of my motor working!
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